CompTIA CySA+
Defensive analysis, detection, vulnerability management, and incident response.
Course overview and topics →Start with the suggested objective
Open a section when you are ready to begin.
Course pace and remaining work
1.1 · Connect architecture, identity, and logging to security operations.
6 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · Trust boundary · Endpoint telemetry · Network flow record · Segmentation verification
Block 2 · Control-plane log · Data plane · Workload identity · Request correlation identifier
Block 3 · Place telemetry at trust boundaries
Block 4 · Analyze identity-aware cloud paths
Block 5 · Operate trustworthy host and log evidence
Block 6 · Connect access architecture, protected data, and critical systems
Full course map14 other objectivesOpen when you want to review progress or look ahead
1.2 · Investigate indicators of malicious activity across an environment.
6 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · Password spraying · Credential stuffing · Brute-force authentication attack · Impossible-travel indicator
Block 2 · Suspicious process chain · Persistence indicator · Network beaconing · DNS tunneling indicator
Block 3 · Separate authentication attacks from user mistakes
Block 4 · Interpret endpoint and network indicators together
Block 5 · Correlate network and host indicators
Block 6 · Distinguish service, cloud, identity, and message abuse
1.3 · Use analysis tools to evaluate suspicious evidence.
18 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · SIEM correlation · Clock skew · Event normalization · Correlation key
Block 2 · Packet capture · Flow metadata · Process telemetry · Network five-tuple
Block 3 · Correlate logs without losing event identity
Block 4 · Choose packet and host evidence for the question
Block 5 · Parse evidence before automating conclusions
Block 6 · Choose packet, detection, and log tools by evidence need
Block 7 · Use intelligence and reputation services without outsourcing judgment
Block 8 · Combine endpoint, file, and sandbox evidence
Block 9 · Validate email paths and behavior baselines
Block 10 · Interpret CyberChef, Wireshark, tcpdump, Snort output
Block 11 · Interpret Suricata, Zeek, SIEM, OTX output
Block 12 · Interpret MISP, OpenCTI, EDR, XDR output
Block 13 · Interpret MDM, WHOIS, AbuseIPDB, Geo-IP output
Block 14 · Interpret strings, VirusTotal, YARA, Joe Sandbox output
Block 15 · Interpret Cuckoo Sandbox, Regular expressions, Suspicious commands, MXToolbox output
Block 16 · Interpret UEBA, OpenUBA, JSON, XML output
Block 17 · Interpret YAML, EVTX, Python, PowerShell output
Block 18 · Interpret Shell script output
1.4 · Develop evidence-based threat intelligence and hunting hypotheses.
6 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · Threat indicator · Intelligence confidence · STIX · Indicator expiration
Block 2 · Threat-hunt hypothesis · ATT&CK data component · Hunt coverage · Hunt reproducibility
Block 3 · Evaluate threat intelligence before operational use
Block 4 · Run a falsifiable threat hunt
Block 5 · Assess actors, TTPs, confidence, and sources
Block 6 · Operationalize indicators, threat models, and deception
1.5 · Improve operational workflows and bounded automation.
6 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · Detection tuning · False positive · False negative · Behavioral baseline
Block 2 · Response playbook · Escalation path · Time to contain · Automation guardrail
Block 3 · Tune detections with labeled outcomes
Block 4 · Improve playbooks using measurable handoffs
Block 5 · Standardize and automate without losing control
Block 6 · Enrich detections and integrate tools safely
1.6 · Evaluate AI use, risks, and governance in security operations.
5 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · AI grounding · AI hallucination · AI evaluation set · Human review of AI output
Block 2 · AI data minimization · Prompt injection · AI workflow least privilege · AI output validation
Block 3 · Validate AI-assisted triage
Block 4 · Protect AI workflows from untrusted input
Block 5 · Govern AI-assisted security work
2.1 · Select and scope an appropriate vulnerability scan.
6 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · Credentialed vulnerability scan · Uncredentialed vulnerability scan · Scan scope · Scan rate limit
Block 2 · Passive asset discovery · Active vulnerability scanning · Web application assessment · Scan stop condition
Block 3 · Define safe scan scope and credentials
Block 4 · Control active, passive, and application testing
Block 5 · Plan scanning from an accountable inventory
Block 6 · Use discovery and baselines for different questions
2.2 · Interpret and validate vulnerability assessment results.
11 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · Service banner · Security backport · Scan authentication failure · Scanner false positive
Block 2 · CVSS base score · Finding confidence · Finding reachability · Configuration finding
Block 3 · Validate scanner findings against asset facts
Block 4 · Read scan confidence, reachability, and evidence
Block 5 · Interpret network, multipurpose, and web-tool output
Block 6 · Separate vulnerability, cloud, and simulation evidence
Block 7 · Interpret Angry IP Scanner, Masscan, Nmap, MSF output
Block 8 · Interpret Maltego, Recon-ng, Burp Suite, ZAP output
Block 9 · Interpret Nikto, Nessus, Nuclei, OpenVAS output
Block 10 · Interpret ScoutSuite, Prowler, Trivy, Checkov output
Block 11 · Interpret Atomic Red Team, Caldera output
2.3 · Prioritize, mitigate, and verify vulnerability remediation.
6 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog · Asset criticality · Exposure context · Compensating control
Block 2 · Vulnerability remediation · Vulnerability mitigation · Virtual patching · Remediation verification
Block 3 · Prioritize vulnerabilities with threat and asset context
Block 4 · Select and verify a mitigation path
Block 5 · Prioritize vulnerability findings with local evidence
Block 6 · Choose treatment and prove the deployed result
2.4 · Relate controls and risk decisions to vulnerability management.
6 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · Vulnerability-management cycle · Assessment coverage denominator · Remediation service-level target · Vulnerability exception
Block 2 · Risk acceptance · Preventive control · Detective control · Corrective control
Block 3 · Build a vulnerability-management control cycle
Block 4 · Use controls and risk acceptance honestly
Block 5 · Classify controls and risk decisions
Block 6 · Use application and supply-chain evidence
3.1 · Apply attack frameworks to observed adversary behavior.
5 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · ATT&CK tactic · ATT&CK technique · Adversary procedure · ATT&CK detection strategy
Block 2 · Attack lifecycle model · Observation and inference separation · Framework-mapping confidence · Attribution limit
Block 3 · Map observed behavior to an attack framework
Block 4 · Use frameworks without forcing attribution
Block 5 · Choose an attack framework for the question
3.2 · Plan and coordinate the incident response process.
5 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · Incident triage · Incident declaration · Incident severity · Incident communication plan
Block 2 · Containment · Eradication · Recovery · Lessons-learned review
Block 3 · Triage and declare incidents with explicit criteria
Block 4 · Sequence containment, eradication, and recovery
Block 5 · Use incident phases as decision states
3.3 · Apply triage, evidence handling, containment, and recovery techniques.
6 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · Order of volatility · Chain of custody · Evidence integrity hash · Evidence provenance
Block 2 · Event time versus ingestion time · Timeline normalization · Root-cause analysis · Alternate hypothesis
Block 3 · Collect volatile evidence with provenance
Block 4 · Build and test an incident timeline
Block 5 · Prepare people, plans, and telemetry for incidents
Block 6 · Preserve evidence and prove containment through restoration
4.1 · Communicate vulnerability findings and remediation decisions.
5 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · Validated vulnerability finding · Affected asset owner · Finding reproduction step · Vulnerability priority rationale
Block 2 · Residual risk · Remediation owner · Finding age · Scan coverage metric
Block 3 · Write actionable vulnerability findings
Block 4 · Report remediation status and residual risk
Block 5 · Turn vulnerability evidence into decisions
4.2 · Report security operations and incident response outcomes.
6 short lesson blocks · next block about 15m
Block 1 · Incident situation report · Known unknown · Audience-tailored communication · Update commitment
Block 2 · Post-incident review · Improvement action owner · Measurable improvement outcome · Cause and contributing-condition separation
Block 3 · Communicate an incident situation report
Block 4 · Turn incident findings into owned improvements
Block 5 · Declare and communicate incidents through authorized channels
Block 6 · Hand over evidence and report meaningful operations metrics
Complete these quizzes and labs to finish the guided course. The readiness checklist below has additional requirements. Course completion does not predict your exam result.
Optional learning resources1 choiceOpen for another teacher, format, or question review
Another explanation or review
Useful defensive-operations teaching, but not a complete CS0-004 course. A current exact primary source remains unverified. These resources do not change course progress or readiness.
Security Operations (SOC) 101
The free video teaches practical SOC concepts but is not a complete CS0-004 course.
Video course · Free on YouTube